Sodium Bicarbonate Food Grade: Stories, Study, and the Road Ahead
Getting to Know Sodium Bicarbonate: A Slice of Its Story
Years ago, my grandmother would pull out that iconic orange box of baking soda, sprinkle it into cake batter, scrub stained counters, or drop a scoop in the fridge to chase away rogue smells. What followed me from those days was curiosity—how did this one simple powder end up so deeply woven into kitchens, labs, and factories around the world? Turning the pages of history, production of sodium bicarbonate started with the work of Nicolas Leblanc in the late 1700s. Soon after, Ernest Solvay refined an industrial method using brine and limestone. Food grade sodium bicarbonate moved from a pharmacy curiosity to a staple baking ingredient thanks to its clean taste and neutralizing charm. By the 20th century, bakery owners and home cooks alike counted on its reliability. Today, food-grade standards mean a batch gets tested for purity, and every granule needs to line up with regulatory checks far more rigorous than what Grandpa’s generation faced.
What Makes It Special: Properties and Specs
Sodium bicarbonate looks like a fine, white, almost silky crystalline powder—no fancy coating, just a gentle, powdery touch. Its taste leans mildly alkaline. Pour a bit into water, and you'll notice it dissolves easily. Most kitchen chemistry comes down to its formula: NaHCO3. It packs one sodium ion, one bicarbonate ion, and a whiff of carbon dioxide waiting to escape. In food grade quality, contaminants can’t step past the gate; lead, arsenic, and heavy metals all get chased out. Manufacturers keep the moisture content low so it doesn’t clump or lose bite during shelf storage. Technically, food authorities like the FDA expect at least 99% purity, sometimes higher, making sure no strange flavors or odors sneak in with each spoonful.
Preparation and What Goes On Inside the Factory
Picture a chemical dance mixing salt, limestone, ammonia, and water. The Solvay Process rolls out as the backbone even in food applications. This routine spins-off sodium carbonate and then, by adding carbon dioxide, the sodium bicarbonate crystallizes out. Workers filter, wash, and heat-dry it to keep each batch pure. Smaller factories sometimes lean on mining natural trona deposits. Whatever the method, an unyielding eye for impurities keeps each lot suitable for bread dough or antacid tablets. Quality assurance workers run tests for pH, insoluble matter, and trace metals. Labels on boxes in grocery aisles often carry info on batch purity, moisture level, and shelf life in straightforward language—building trust between the company and the person picking it off the shelf.
The Many Names and Places You’ll Find Sodium Bicarbonate
Ask someone at a pharmacy, and they'll likely know it as bicarbonate of soda. Visit a science store, and you’ll probably hear sodium hydrogen carbonate or baking soda. Cosmetics manufacturers call it by its chemical name because they need to document every additive. Whether you see it listed as E500(ii), bread soda, or sweet soda, it points back to the same reliable mineral salt.
What It Does When Mixed and Modified in Foods and Beyond
Anyone who has watched soft cookies puff up in the oven has seen sodium bicarbonate at work, releasing carbon dioxide as it reacts with acidic partners like lemon juice or buttermilk. This gas pushes batter up, giving cakes and pancakes their soft crumb. Outside baking, combine sodium bicarbonate with citric acid in drink powders—you're rewarded with a quick fizz. At certain temperatures, it starts to break down, forming sodium carbonate, water, and carbon dioxide, which matters for controlling browning in bagels or pretzels. In chemical manufacturing, folks play with its reactivity, coaxing it into new shapes for effervescent tablets or antacids. These tweaks help match a customer’s taste, a product’s texture, or a factory’s output needs.
Defining Safety, Operational Care, and Real-World Use
Food standards expect tight control over everything from dust in the plant to the possible drift of fine particles during packaging. Production workers wear gloves and masks. Nobody wants a powdery breath or skin irritation after a day’s work near giant bags of sodium salts. Safety data sheets highlight choking, mild skin or eye irritation, and keeping the material dry. Regulatory groups check samples for batch consistency, purity, and label honesty. At home, the white powder stays safe in a dry cupboard, away from acids and moisture. A misplaced container next to vinegar, for example, turns into a fizzing mess—amusing for kids, less so for those managing tools or stored food.
Food, Pharma, and Cleaning—Applying the Power
Every school project volcano depends on sodium bicarbonate’s real magic: its quick, gas-producing reaction with an acid. Kitchens use it for baking cookies, muffins, and for softening beans or vegetables. Dairy factories introduce it to adjust acidity in creams. Personal care products make use of its gentle abrasive action and mild pH for toothpaste or deodorant. Hospitals add it to blood packs or antacid tablets for a quick fix for heartburn or acid indigestion. Homeowners turn to it as a cleaner or deodorizer for everything from sneakers to refrigerators.
What Researchers Look For and What Tomorrow Might Hold
Researchers peer into every corner where sodium bicarbonate can step in: as a food preservative, pH buffer, feed additive for livestock, or even something to help with chronic kidney disease. University labs run toxicity profiles to be sure—large doses upset stomachs, too much dust can trouble sensitive lungs, but moderate exposure stays friendly, according to toxicology reviews. Studies keep up with regulatory changes worldwide, making adjustments to residual impurity limits or allowable daily intake. Green scientists work on making the manufacturing process less energy-hungry and more sustainable, cutting down emissions during the Solvay Process. Some even experiment with add-ins to give rising agents more predictable punch or to keep powders flowing smoothly under wild humidity swings.
Where the Journey Could Go Next
Sodium bicarbonate sits at the crossroads of food science, medicine, and environmental change. With more folks keeping an eye on food safety and industrial waste, the push for cleaner, more efficient production feels impossible to ignore. Researchers look for tweaks that would deepen its use as a pH regulator in specialty foods, medical therapies, and sustainable agriculture. Tech companies invest in refining crystal size or adding coatings to help it work better in precise conditions. Regulations keep shifting to adapt to new research. Recycled raw materials may someday replace conventional mining, and digital batch tracking could help buyers know exactly where their powder begins its journey. Each of these changes, from improved processes to better safety checks, means sodium bicarbonate likely won’t lose its place in homes and industries anytime soon.
Everyday Uses That Hit Close to Home
People reach for baking soda without giving it much thought. Sitting next to the flour and sugar, this white powder finds a spot in countless recipes. Growing up, I saw my grandmother use it for cookies, but she also sprinkled it into simmering beans to cut the gas, and tossed a pinch into pancakes to help them rise with fluffy ease. Sodium bicarbonate, known to many as baking soda, gives baked goods their soft texture and helps bread develop a golden crust. In cakes, a quick burst of carbon dioxide bubbles makes batter expand, turning a bowl of goo into a dreamy, tender bite. Folks often overlook this reaction, but try baking without it — and you’ll be left with flat, dense results nobody wants to eat.
Food Safety and Freshness at Home
Baking soda isn’t all about cakes. Home cooks trust it to clean fruits and vegetables, something I picked up once food safety became headline news. Rubbing a bit onto apples or cucumbers can help remove surface residues that water leaves behind. Keep an open box in the fridge, and you’ll notice odors from last week’s leftovers fade away. Household experience shows that sodium bicarbonate acts as a mild, edible cleanser, making everyday routines safer and your food a little fresher.
Beyond Baking: A Helper for Digestion
For generations, families relied on baking soda as a quick fix for heartburn after a heavy meal. Its simple chemistry neutralizes stomach acid, bringing relief in minutes. Doctors still point to it as one of the safest ways to ease mild sour stomach, as long as it’s used in moderation — too much can bring its own problems, especially for folks with high blood pressure due to its sodium content. Still, it remains a practical staple in many medicine cabinets, right next to the family thermometer and bandages.
Sustainability and Household Innovation
Baking soda stands out as a pocket-friendly, non-toxic swap for many cleaning products. Scrubbing a stained coffee mug or deodorizing a cutting board takes just a spoonful. I’ve watched neighbors use it to help sour laundry smells or scrub tile grout, saving money and dodging harsh chemicals in the process. Since it breaks down into harmless compounds, it’s a smart choice for anyone aiming to cut plastic packaging and chemical use in their kitchen or laundry room.
Food Science and Industry Perspective
Professionals in the food world see sodium bicarbonate as essential for more than just rising dough. It can tame acidity in tomato sauces, help caramelize onions, and act as a pH buffer in chocolates and confections. Large bakeries count on its consistency and ease of storage. In processed foods, sodium bicarbonate assists with leavening but also improves tender textures and color, making the final product as appealing as it can be. Regulatory agencies set clear standards for food-grade quality, so the powder in your kitchen meets strict safety and purity rules — a direct result of decades spent refining manufacturing and testing methods. That oversight helps build long-term trust, letting people focus on their recipes, not the risks.
Open Eyes and Old Wisdom
My own experience shows that baking soda deserves more respect than it gets. In a world full of over-complicated products and pricey alternatives, this pantry staple keeps proving its value with every loaf of bread, cleaned countertop, and settled stomach. Sodium bicarbonate food grade isn’t flashy, but it’s a quiet powerhouse with benefits that reach far beyond baking day.
What Food Grade Really Means
Food grade sodium bicarbonate, known to most as baking soda, is that familiar white powder sitting inside kitchen cabinets everywhere. The “food grade” stamp isn’t a marketing trick. It backs up a promise that this baking soda meets safety standards set by regulators, making it safe to go into recipes rather than only down drains or in cleaning buckets.
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) keeps a keen eye on what “food grade” means. Their rules say this label only lands on products clean enough and free of harmful substances found in industrial versions. That distinction matters. Only food grade baking soda deserves a spot in bread dough or antacid solutions.
Eating It: The Everyday Story
Some folks grow up watching their grandparents brush teeth with it, or use it to calm an upset stomach after a heavy meal. Others use it to bake cookies for the school fair. The safety of baking soda comes from its chemical simplicity: it’s just sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. The FDA labels food-grade sodium bicarbonate as “Generally Recognized as Safe” (GRAS). That status does not get handed out lightly—it rests on decades of research, routine consumption, and absence of harmful effects when used properly.
Food scientists have scrutinized baking soda’s effects in the kitchen and on the body. They’ve found no evidence that responsible use causes trouble in healthy adults. When mixed in recipes, it does what it’s supposed to: makes dough rise by producing bubbles of carbon dioxide. Swallowed in small amounts to aid digestion, it neutralizes stomach acid without causing toxic gas or dangerous reactions.
Stories of Too Much
Problems only show up with large doses. Eating heaping spoonfuls in an attempt to soothe persistent heartburn, or drinking it in water every day, brings risks. High amounts raise blood sodium and shift the body’s pH, sometimes leading to weakness, cramps, or in rare cases requiring a trip to the hospital. The National Capital Poison Center warns adults to stick to recommended doses—usually about ½ teaspoon in a glass of water every couple of hours, no more than seven times a day. Children and pregnant women need even less.
It’s important to read labels, especially with products from online sellers. Some powder labeled simply as “baking soda” may come from sources that don’t follow strict handling practices, possibly picking up heavy metals or industrial contaminants. Look for the “food grade” statement, and check packaging for clear manufacturer details.
Finding Safer Solutions
Sticking to the right kind of sodium bicarbonate reduces the risk. Regulated brands in grocery stores get testing for purity, heavy metals, and other safety concerns. Stores in the U.S. rarely sell industrial-grade or technical-grade sodium bicarbonate as food, but shoppers should avoid bulk powders meant for pools, cleaning, or farming.
Health professionals have seen home remedies cause as much trouble as they solve when folks skip reading the fine print or ignore doctor advice. People with kidney disease, heart problems, or high blood pressure should avoid self-medicating with baking soda.
Bottom Line
Food grade sodium bicarbonate is safe for regular cooking, baking, and occasional minor stomach upset—so long as one respects suggested limits and reads packaging carefully. Its safety comes from reliable oversight, not from tradition, rumor, or chance. Choosing products with plain language and clear labeling protects families and puts concerns to rest.
Two Powders, Very Different Stories
I remember baking soda from childhood as that go-to box in the fridge, pulling double duty for cakes and for cleaning the kitchen sink. Most people know it by either name: sodium bicarbonate or baking soda. On the surface, the white powder in the baking aisle looks a lot like the stuff sold to pool owners or used in factories. Common sense would say they’re all the same. The story gets complicated once you dig into why these grades exist—and why picking the right one can mean the difference between a safe cake and a sour stomach.
What’s Really in the Box?
Food grade sodium bicarbonate goes through stricter purification. Before anything hits a baking shelf, it meets standards for contaminants like heavy metals, arsenic, and lead. The Food and Drug Administration monitors it, requiring every batch to reach a level of purity higher than 99%. Consistency and safety run the show because nobody wants a lingering chemical taint in their muffins or toothpaste. I've seen food companies keep tight control over where their baking soda comes from, sometimes even testing shipments themselves. That's a real vote of confidence in how important purity is when selling anything people put in their mouths.
Factories need sodium bicarbonate too, but their checklists usually stop at effectiveness and price. Industrial grade powder shares the same chemical backbone but doesn't stick to food safety rules. That leaves the door open for impurities—from trace minerals to possible leftover solvents from production. For cleaning, odor control, or pool treatment, those bits don’t pose a direct harm. Put that same industrial grade powder in a baking recipe, and you take a gamble you might not want to risk. The difference isn't just paperwork: it’s about trust and exposure.
The Real Cost of Cutting Corners
People sometimes ask if industrial sodium bicarbonate can be used in food to save money. It’s a short-sighted idea. Potential contamination isn’t always visible or immediate, but repeated exposure adds up. FDA recalls and food poisoning stories make the news like clockwork. Often, the root cause boils down to some small shortcut that never looked dangerous at first.
Restaurants, bakeries, and home cooks often take these safety standards for granted. Once you see how supply chains work, it’s easier to appreciate the checks behind a food-grade label. My background in food manufacturing taught me that quality slips in with a hundred small decisions. Buying proper ingredients is one choice that carries extra weight, especially since baking soda crops up everywhere—from toothpaste to antacid tablets, beyond pies and cookies.
Fixing the Confusion
The more I talk with folks outside the food industry, the more I see confusion about which grade to buy. Clear labeling helps, but suppliers sometimes use vague descriptions. Sticking with brands and suppliers that offer traceability builds peace of mind. Simple habits—like looking for “USP” (United States Pharmacopeia) or “food grade” on packaging—give consumers an edge. Education at the store level works too, so people know what’s really in the packages they take home.
For regulatory bodies and food safety educators, it pays to keep this topic front and center. The right guidance helps everyone—from the weekend baker to a major food brand—stay on the safe side of the line. In kitchens and factories, knowing your sodium bicarbonate’s story protects more than just flavor—it keeps health risks off the dinner table.
The Kind of Container Makes a Difference
Every kitchen deserves safe ingredients, especially those used in home-baked bread or cookies. Anyone storing sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, has probably used whatever was handy—maybe a glass jar, maybe the original box. Not all containers give the same results. Sodium bicarbonate reacts easily to moisture and strong odors. Leave it sitting open on the counter or pour it into an unlabeled plastic tub, and it quickly absorbs the smells in the air. It’s easy to taste that mistake the next time you use it.
Reliable food safety practices call for airtight, food-grade containers—basic, clear plastic or glass jars with tight lids work well. Marking the container means nobody guesses what’s inside. I’ve seen kitchens where reused spice jars kept sodium bicarbonate fresh for months with no funky aftertaste, just because someone bothered to screw the lid back on after each use.
Humidity: The Silent Ingredient Ruiner
Moisture changes everything. In humid kitchens, that blue box of baking soda clumps together and sometimes hardens into a rock. Testing the powder with a spoon shows right away that exposure to steam from cooking isn’t doing the powder any favors. Too much moisture will cause clumping, and over time, sodium bicarbonate’s leavening power drops. If left open, a container sitting near a stove will start to lose its punch pretty quickly.
Keeping containers tightly sealed stops most humidity from seeping in. A top shelf or a closed cupboard keeps it away from steam and accidental spills. Places near windows, above dishwashers, or close to a busy sink rarely work for long-term storage. My own experience proved this—those who stored sodium bicarbonate above the stove wound up tossing it out after a few uses just to avoid a weird taste in cookies.
Light and Temperature Fluctuations
Long exposure to sunlight isn’t ideal for many food ingredients, and sodium bicarbonate is no exception. Direct light can warm up a container over the day, especially in kitchens that get daytime sun through the windows. Constant temperature swings hurt product quality. A consistently cool, dark spot, like a shut cupboard or pantry, works best.
During baking season, I’ve kept extra sodium bicarbonate in the basement pantry, sealed in its original package plus a zipper bag. It resisted clumping and never absorbed basement odors, even with nearby onions. Extreme heat or cold isn’t good for any food additive, but most household pantries stay in a safe zone.
Labeling and Rotation—Easy Steps with Big Payoff
It’s easy to lose track of how long a box or jar has been sitting in the kitchen. Some people just sniff the contents to double-check freshness, and others shake the box hoping it’s still usable. Labeling containers with purchase or opening dates means fewer bad surprises. Keeping the oldest stock up front, ready to use first, means nothing goes stale before it’s needed.
Sodium bicarbonate’s shelf life can stretch a couple of years if kept dry and sealed. Noting these details turns a simple routine into real kitchen wisdom, cutting food waste and keeping baked goods as good as they should taste.
What’s in Sodium Bicarbonate Food Grade?
Sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, shows up everywhere: kitchens, bakeries, home-cleaning routines, even toothpastes. In food-grade quality, its main job focuses on cooking and baking. The label "food grade" sets a basic standard for purity. Manufacturers keep contaminants low and stick to strict guidelines. The point behind this: nothing extra should sneak in — especially not common allergens.
Allergies and Food Additives: Getting the Facts Straight
People with allergies often grow wary of anything processed. Nuts, soy, dairy, and gluten top the list of food triggers. Sodium bicarbonate doesn’t come from wheat, milk, nuts, or soy. It’s a simple salt, made by combining carbon dioxide, water, and sodium carbonate. Production usually involves mining trona ore or using the Solvay process, both of which keep common allergens out of the equation. For someone who deals with food allergies at home, I know the stress of checking every label. It’s a relief to see that reputable baking soda brands don’t sneak in food allergens.
Those chemical names on ingredient lists can look intimidating, but sodium bicarbonate, at least in food grade, sticks to its roots. You’ll rarely spot stabilizers, anti-caking agents, or flavor enhancers blended in by reputable suppliers. Any reputable food company wants to avoid labeling headaches and recalls, so the cleaner the ingredient, the better their compliance record with food authorities like the FDA and EFSA.
How Contamination Might Happen
Nothing beats reading the bag for peace of mind. Sometimes contamination happens where ingredients meet during packaging or in poorly regulated plants. This can affect food safety, especially for those with severe food allergies. I’ve seen news stories where a product, clean in theory, picks up cross-contaminants from the machinery or the air in shared facilities. That’s why trust in a supplier and their food safety certifications does more than comfort people—it can be the difference between feeling safe and risking a trip to the ER.
If you track your allergens closer than most, checking for certifications like non-GMO, gluten-free, or processed in a nut-free facility puts your mind at ease. Companies that go through third-party testing tend to trumpet their results, either with certifying logos or detailed product data sheets. Those with food allergies in the family learn to appreciate brands that publish more than the minimum.
What Consumers Can Do
If a company refuses to answer questions about hidden ingredients or additives, that creates a red flag. Everyone deserves transparency about what goes into their foods. If you see claims like “may contain traces of…” on a package of sodium bicarbonate, the bottleneck lies in the factory, not the ingredient itself. Companies owe consumers direct answers about their processes, especially now that so many families are reading up on food allergens and additives.
Sodium bicarbonate, when produced for food use, should stand on its own. If the label lists extra ingredients, or there’s no clear allergy statement, I’d set that box back on the shelf and reach for another. Asking questions and supporting brands that offer clean, certified products keeps everyone safer in the long run—and encourages transparency across the food industry.

| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | sodium hydrogen carbonate |
| Other names |
Baking Soda
Bicarbonate of Soda Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate Bread Soda Cooking Soda |
| Pronunciation | /ˌsəʊdiəm baɪˈkɑːbəneɪt fuːd ɡreɪd/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Sodium hydrogen carbonate |
| Other names |
Baking Soda
Bicarbonate of Soda Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate NaHCO3 Bread Soda Cooking Soda |
| Pronunciation | /ˌsəʊ.di.əm baɪˈkɑː.bə.neɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 144-55-8 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `data="C([O-])(=O)[Na]"` |
| Beilstein Reference | 1713883 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:32139 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1354 |
| ChemSpider | 5758 |
| DrugBank | DB01390 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 029-003-00-5 |
| EC Number | 205-633-8 |
| Gmelin Reference | 37997 |
| KEGG | C00088 |
| MeSH | D002564 |
| PubChem CID | 516892 |
| RTECS number | VZ0950000 |
| UNII | 55X04QC32I |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| CAS Number | 144-55-8 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1713889 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:32139 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1357 |
| ChemSpider | 5773 |
| DrugBank | **DB01390** |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03e4c21d-36d5-418c-8bde-4d710a05071e |
| EC Number | 205-633-8 |
| Gmelin Reference | 12686 |
| KEGG | C00288 |
| MeSH | D02.886.590.700 |
| PubChem CID | 516892 |
| RTECS number | VZ0950000 |
| UNII | 6UI1Y9EV35 |
| UN number | UN2074 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | NaHCO3 |
| Molar mass | 84.01 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.00 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Easily soluble in water |
| log P | -4.7 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | 8.2 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 8.4 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | '−20.0×10⁻⁶ cm³/mol' |
| Dipole moment | 0.0 D |
| Chemical formula | NaHCO3 |
| Molar mass | 84.01 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.00 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Easily soluble in water |
| log P | -11.7 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | 8.3 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 8.4 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | Diamagnetic |
| Dipole moment | 0.00 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 102 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | −947.7 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -947.7 kJ/mol |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 102.0 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -947.7 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -947.7 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A01AD20 |
| ATC code | B05CB02 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Not hazardous. |
| GHS labelling | GHS: Not classified as hazardous according to GHS. No pictogram, signal word, hazard statements, or precautionary statements required. |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Hazard statements | Not a hazardous substance or mixture. |
| Precautionary statements | Precautionary statements: Store in a dry, cool place. Avoid contact with eyes. Keep container tightly closed. Do not inhale dust. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Use personal protective equipment as required. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | NFPA 704: 0-0-0 |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (Oral, Rat): 4220 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral rat LD50: 4,220 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | VW4150000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 10 mg/m³ (total dust) |
| REL (Recommended) | USP, FCC |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not Listed |
| Main hazards | May cause mild eye irritation. |
| GHS labelling | Not classified as hazardous according to GHS. No pictogram, signal word, hazard statement, or precautionary statement required. |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | No signal word |
| Hazard statements | No hazard statement. |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P270, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 0-0-0-Special |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (Oral, Rat): 4220 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (oral, rat): 4220 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | VZ0950000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 10 mg/m³ (total dust) (as PNOR) |
| REL (Recommended) | BP/USP/Ph.Eur/FCC |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Sodium carbonate
Sodium hydroxide Potassium bicarbonate Ammonium bicarbonate Calcium carbonate |
| Related compounds |
Sodium carbonate
Sodium chloride Potassium bicarbonate Ammonium bicarbonate Sodium hydroxide Calcium carbonate Baking powder |