P-Treoctylphenol (Ptop): Significance, Realities, and Pathways Forward
Historical Development
P-Treoctylphenol, often called PTOP by those who handle it, traces back to chemical breakthroughs of the twentieth century, a time when rapid industrial progress demanded new surfactants, antioxidants, and resins. Chemists recognized its ability to serve as both a building block and a barrier against oxidation and degradation. Industries latched onto this compound for resins, rubber, and lube oil additives. Over decades, its production scaled from laboratory glassware to industrial reactors, driven by relentless demand for performance and reliability. In my work, I’ve seen how manufacturers have consistently refined their methods to extract more consistent yields and deal with environmental pressures that earlier generations largely ignored. Everything about PTOP’s wider use reflects easy access to petroleum derivatives and a need for specialty chemicals that could survive in harsh conditions.
Product Overview
PTOP appears in industry under names like 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol or para-octylphenol. It feels oily and has a clear, colorless look unless impurities sneak in. A quick whiff brings a faint aromatic scent. Its main draw lies in how it dissolves organic compounds but resists many acids and bases, a property that made it favoured for surfactant manufacture, antioxidants, stabilizers, and resin modifications. I’ve crossed paths with PTOP as both an intermediate and a performance ingredient—its appeal rooted in how it can weather heat or chemical stress without breaking down quickly.
Physical & Chemical Properties
PTOP boasts a molecular weight around 206, melting just above freezing and boiling well beyond most industrial solvents. Oiliness lingers even at lower temperatures. Its solubility leans toward organic solvents, leaving water nearly untouched. This oil-water divide stubbornly persists, making it ideal for hydrophobic coatings, plasticizers, and emulsifiers. Chemists sometimes disparage its low reactivity, but this stubbornness is exactly what delivers value in hostile or caustic applications. The octyl side chain grants it a resilience that lighter phenols rarely match, blunting attacks from ozone, oxygen, and acids. Years ago, I tested its thermal limits in a lab oven and saw it outlast lesser additives by a wide margin.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
Suppliers define PTOP by purity, color index, and total phenol content. Labels often cite these alongside maximum impurities, including water, ash, and trace metals. The product gets shipped in drums with proper hazard markings since prolonged skin contact or inhalation can irritate. Users want reliable batch certificates, identifying every impurity that might interfere with polymerization or downstream synthesis. Over the years, tighter regulatory guidelines forced producers to refine not just the chemical but the whole package—right down to the cap’s seal and the drum’s liner. Lab analysts remain vigilant, running IR and GC analyses, ensuring consistency lot after lot. I’ve had to chase down a few mislabeled shipments where a bad batch ruined a whole day’s work.
Preparation Method
The classic production route brings together phenol and isooctene through acid catalysis—typically sulphuric acid—relying on skilled temperature and agitation control. Industrial reactors cruise at moderate heat, coaxing out the para-substituted product. Downstream, washing and distillation steps filter out tars, leftover acid, and side-chain isomers. In my experience, keeping byproducts under control stays crucial; operators know a slip-up here can mean environmental headaches and costly rework. Most facilities have shifted to closed systems, limiting fumes and operator exposure, a change that’s more than welcome to those on the shop floor. For advanced users, modifications in catalyst or solvent can push yields higher or create specialty grades for niche applications.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
PTOP attracts chemical interest for its phenolic ring, which supports etherification, alkylation, and oxidative coupling. Formulators often tack on extra alkyls, or graft ethoxylated chains for detergency enhancements—one of the most common manipulations for surfactant production. Cross-linking PTOP with aldehydes lays the groundwork for tough, durable thermoset resins. In specialized polymers, its octyl tail dampens brittleness and pulls moisture resistance up a notch. I’ve watched teams tweak its structure for applications as wild as anti-static coatings all the way to oil well drilling muds, always chasing that perfect mix of flexibility and toughness. Every modification walks a fine line: change the ring or the tail too much, and you’re left with a new compound that no longer delivers what the market really asks for.
Synonyms & Product Names
PTOP circles through international trade under a library of names: para-tert-octylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol, and CAS numbers that track its identity through customs and regulatory agencies. Big chemical houses brand it for resale, often tucking it inside blends or specialty additives. Smaller suppliers sometimes risk relabeling or adulteration, a truth buyers know all too well—and one reason many stick with established distributors who track every drum from plant to warehouse. In internal documentation, I’ve always kept to the IUPAC or CAS system to avoid slipups between generics and trade names.
Safety & Operational Standards
Processing PTOP safely means gloves, goggles, and well-ventilated spaces. It irritates skin and eyes, and routine exposure can trigger longer-term problems—many in my field have had accidental spills or a whiff of fumes that left them coughing for hours. Some PTOP batches contain enough volatility at room temperature to warrant respiratory masks. Most sites enforce spill kits by every reactor as insurance against leaks. Environmental protocols dictate bunded storage and wastewater controls—nobody wants PTOP leaching into a floor drain or runoff ditch. Updating Material Safety Data Sheets with every change in process chemistry protects the line workers, not just the company’s liability. As public health agencies ramp up scrutiny, safe handling goes beyond compliance—it means an unbroken focus on training, preparedness, and knowing exactly what’s in the drum you’re opening.
Application Area
Industries from rubber to electronics keep coming back to PTOP for its flexibility as both a raw material and a performance enhancer. Rubber compounders mix it in to fight oxidation and UV degradation, reaching for longer lifespans in tires, seals, and hoses. Lubricant manufacturers value how it scavenges free radicals, slowing the march of wear and sludge. Resin formulators seek out its hydrophobic ring for moisture barriers and electrical insulation coatings. Surfactant makers extend its backbone into detergents, emulsifiers, and dispersing agents. Specialty adhesives, printing inks, and even agriculture products count on its chemical stability to tolerate weather, sunlight, and contact with fuels or oils. I’ve watched these industries shift based on regulatory forces—those in Europe and North America now eye alternatives as tighter rules push PTOP out of certain consumer goods, while others focus on closed-loop lifecycles or greener chemistry.
Research & Development
R&D groups tackle two main challenges with PTOP: maximizing the useful properties and reducing its environmental and health footprint. I’ve spent enough time reading journals and attending industry symposia to see researchers working on everything from new catalysts that cut byproduct levels to alternative feedstocks derived from renewable sources. A big trend explores replacing PTOP with less toxic compounds, especially in detergents and food-contact plastics, but rarely do substitutes deliver the same resistance or cost-effectiveness. Some teams work on integrating PTOP into composite materials, boosting heat and moisture tolerance for demanding applications like automotive or aerospace. New formulations keep surfacing, especially where end-users want higher performance or must sidestep fresh regulatory barriers.
Toxicity Research
The past few decades brought hard scrutiny onto PTOP’s behavior in ecosystems and the human body. Studies confirm it’s a suspected endocrine disruptor, persisting in soil and water, raising alarms about buildup in wildlife. Chronic exposure shows adverse outcomes in aquatic life at very low concentrations. Most regulators set strict exposure limits, with ongoing surveillance for contamination in effluent streams and finished goods. I’ve sat in meetings with compliance teams worried about keeping product lines legal amid shifting international toxicology evidence. The search for improved waste treatment—ozonation, advanced filtration, and bio-remediation—keeps researchers and operators busy. Success here means less environmental fingerprint and a lower risk for those in regular contact with the compound. Projects aimed at better degradation and safer alternatives are picking up pace as consumer pressure mounts.
Future Prospects
PTOP faces an inflection point. On one side, industries depend on its material properties and cost performance. On the other, regulatory and public health pressures are pushing chemical manufacturers and end-users to rethink habits. The smart money is on innovation: cleaner production methods, safer downstream chemistry, and investments in alternatives that capture core benefits without carrying over the baggage. I’ve seen some encouraging work in biobased phenolics and closed-loop manufacturing, but scaling those breakthroughs takes patience, capital, and customer buy-in. As stakeholders push for transparency and measurable improvements, PTOP’s future rests on an ongoing willingness to adapt—balancing chemistry, safety, and stewardship for today and tomorrow.
Behind the Name: What Is P-Treoctylphenol?
P-Treoctylphenol doesn’t sound familiar to most folks outside chemistry labs, but many products in our lives wouldn’t work the same way without it. P-Treoctylphenol links up with different compounds, giving them better kick or new abilities. This chemical, also called 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol, usually comes in little white flakes or chunks with a strong odor. It often pops up in places you don’t expect, usually deep in the ingredient lists of materials that make modern life possible.
The Real-World Uses: More Than Meets the Eye
The strongest demand for P-Treoctylphenol comes from the plastics and rubber industry. Workers use it as a raw material when making nonylphenol ethoxylates, which show up everywhere — from laundry detergents to industrial cleaners. These ethoxylates power through stains and grime, making them preferred cleaning agents for manufacturers.
People working in the adhesives and sealants world turn to P-Treoctylphenol because it helps glue and caulk stay durable, flexible, and sticky over time. Tire factories count on it too, since it can improve how rubber blends hold up under stress. It also helps paints and coatings last longer, standing up to sun, heat, and harsh weather. If someone’s worrying about whether a paint job will fade too fast outside, chances are there’s something like this chemical in the mix.
Chemical plants also rely on P-Treoctylphenol during production of antioxidants. These slow down how fast plastics and fuels break down, so picnic chairs, car dashboards, and even power cables stay in shape longer. In the oil refining business, it shows up during lubricant production, which helps engines run smoother for longer. All these uses point back to one idea: with the right base chemicals, the service life and usefulness of everyday products gets stretched quite a bit further.
Concerns and Moving Forward
Not every chemical with a big role comes without risk. P-Treoctylphenol often ends up on researchers’ watch lists. Its molecules can stick around in soil and water, raising eyebrows for scientists who track possible risks to fish and other wildlife. Some studies show it mimics hormones, and frequently popping up in wastewater has led to international scrutiny.
Waste cleaning plants and storm drains have trouble breaking down compounds like P-Treoctylphenol. Reports from environmental agencies in Europe and North America point to this chemical’s stubbornness; it lingers even after wastewater treatment. With wider attention on “forever chemicals,” many regions are starting to think about phase-outs or substitution across industries.
So what’s next? Green chemistry teams focus on finding smarter, safer options for cleaning agents, plastic production, and rubber manufacturing. Some detergent brands have already switched to other surfactants, and factories continue to test biodegradable compounds that break down in the environment, not just in labs. Manufacturers know that future rules might demand changes. Smart companies invest early in switching over, avoiding big headaches later. For anyone looking for cleaner water and less pollution, this research can mean real progress.
Why It Deserves Attention
Every time a law changes or a factory spends extra figuring out safer ingredients, the impact ripples outward — from industrial buyers to regular families. That makes P-Treoctylphenol more than a chemistry lesson. The choices made in boardrooms and policy offices decide what ends up in rivers, soil, and backyards down the road. Paying attention to what goes into common household and industrial products builds not just safety but trust.
Understanding P-Treoctylphenol
P-Treoctylphenol, used in making detergents, resins, and plasticizers, has earned a bit of a reputation. Handling it doesn’t mean trouble has to follow, but cutting corners means risking long-term health. This substance can get under your skin—literally. Even a small slip-up leads to burns, irritation, or, with enough exposure, some serious issues down the road. I remember seeing a colleague ignore a splash on their arm, thinking it would wash off at the end of the day. A week later, they needed a doctor for a weeping rash. The lesson stuck with me: don’t brush off the risks.
The Basics: Skin and Eye Protection
Before touching any container or transferring this chemical, suit up with chemical-resistant gloves and safety goggles. Standard latex gloves fall short—opt for nitrile or neoprene, and check for tiny pinholes each time. P-Treoctylphenol burns don’t always show up right away, but the discomfort lingers. Long sleeves and lab coats keep splatters away from skin, and at the very least, offer another barrier to absorption. Lab safety eyewear isn’t just for show. This chemical damages eye tissue quickly. Face shields pay off when pouring or mixing, even if the task seems simple.
Ventilation and Breathing Easier
Chemical fumes build up faster than expected. Even if the smell isn’t strong, vapors hang in the air and enter lungs without much warning. Relying on open windows, especially in old buildings, doesn’t offer real protection. Local exhaust systems—a fume hood or a ducted enclosure—pull vapors away before they reach your face. For bigger jobs, or if accidents stir up a cloud, well-fitted respirators step in. Skipping this step increases the risk of headaches, dizziness, or worse, especially after repeated exposure.
Storage and Spills
Storing P-Treoctylphenol in a cool, dry space, away from heat or open flames, stops most accidents before they start. Chemical cabinets labeled clearly with hazard signs help everyone stay alert, even visitors or trainees. If a spill happens, reach for absorbent pads meant for organic solvents, not old rags. Always work with a spill kit within arm’s reach. Some folks get casual and use makeshift materials—they end up just spreading the problem. Closed shoes protect your feet if a container falls, and proper disposal containers keep toxic waste from leaking into floors or drains.
Training and Emergency Response
Ongoing safety training is not paperwork. Knowing exactly how to handle a chemical burn or eye splash saves time and damage. Workplaces must post emergency flush stations within sight of work areas. If exposed, rinse skin or eyes right away. Don’t hesitate to seek medical help, even after a brief contact. If an inhalation accident happens, fresh air is step one, but follow up with medical advice since lung irritation doesn’t always show symptoms right away.
The People Factor
Trust among colleagues builds a safer workspace. Over the years, sharing stories about close calls opens others’ eyes to hazards. People tend to copy what senior staff do, so experienced workers must set the standard. Clear communication rarely fails: speak up if someone misses a step, and ask questions if a process looks unsafe. The best teams take pride in sending everyone home the same way they arrived—healthy and safe.
Looking at P-Treoctylphenol’s Physical Traits
P-Treoctylphenol, or Ptop, stands out with its oily, slightly viscous liquid form and faint, slightly phenolic smell. Usually clear to pale yellow, it brings a kind of thickness people recognize when handling certain industrial chemicals. Ptop doesn’t dissolve in water, showing a strong dislike for mixing with anything based on H2O. Instead, it blends easily into oils and organic solvents. That means it slides right into manufacturing formulas, especially in settings that involve plastics, surfactants, and resins. The boiling point lands around 360 degrees Celsius. That high threshold offers peace of mind for those working in environments with rising temperatures, knowing accidental evaporation or breakdown won’t happen before reaching some serious heat.
Ptop sets off alarms with its low melting point—usually around minus 16 degrees Celsius. It doesn’t freeze up or thicken quickly, so storage in cold warehouses doesn’t bring headaches. Its density hovers near 0.91 grams per cubic centimeter at room temperature, making it sit lighter than water but heavier than most typical oils. That weight helps with easy pumping and transfer through pipelines, contributing to smooth moves on the factory floor.
Ptop’s Chemical Side: What’s Happening on the Inside
Ptop belongs to the family of alkylphenols. The core structure carries a benzene ring with a hydroxy group. One end swings a lengthy 8-carbon branched chain. That structure plays into why Ptop remains tough and doesn’t break down quickly when exposed to acids, bases, and sunlight. It’s not just floating around unchanged, though—mixing it with strong oxidizing agents will send sparks flying. In large-scale manufacturing, that makes safety planning a top priority to keep unwanted reactions at bay. The branched chain also leads to Ptop sticking to soils or sediments if it spills, rather than passing into waterways with ease.
Ptop’s special shape lets it tie up with other molecules, especially in making resins and surfactants. That flexibility has turned it into a backbone ingredient for adhesives, coatings, and as a non-ionic surfactant base in cleaners. Its chemical stability props up production lines, holding its character well even when faced with hot, caustic, or acidic conditions. Modern labs value this staying power, but downstream, environmental scientists worry about how Ptop lingers once it enters the ecosystem. Ptop resists both biological and chemical breakdown, so it hangs around longer than many people realize.
Impact and Responsibility: Balancing Use with Caution
Ptop remains a workhorse in manufacturing, but its impact extends far beyond the factory gate. Studies suggest that Ptop, like other alkylphenols, can upset hormones in animals. Traces show up in surface water and sediments near production plants. The chemical’s persistence means it can climb up the food web, showing up far from where anyone started using it. I see this as a call for more deliberate choices on both process design and product end-of-life. For companies relying on Ptop, tightening handling standards and spill prevention helps stop leaks before they start. Exploring greener alternatives for surfactants and resin additives gives options that break down easier in nature.
P-Treoctylphenol’s signature traits—its stability, resistance, and flexibility—have fueled plenty of industrial progress. The flip side keeps me thinking: each chemical also leaves a mark after its intended purpose ends. Smart use and sharper research into downstream effects make sure Ptop continues to fit modern needs without creating new messes for communities and ecosystems.
What Is P-Treoctylphenol and Why Should We Worry?
P-Treoctylphenol pops up in industrial chemicals, surfactants, and certain resins. Folks who work in chemistry or manufacturing see it listed as a building block in processes they use for everything from lubricants to rubbers. To most people, the name means little. Behind the scenes, though, scientists and regulators have watched this compound for several years due to its stubbornness in the environment and possible effects on living things.
How Does P-Treoctylphenol Get Out There?
Picture wastewater from factories, landfills, or accidental spills. P-Treoctylphenol rides out on this stream into waterways. Treatment plants catch some but often miss a chunk. Once out in the open, it doesn’t break down quickly. Fish and aquatic creatures tend to soak it up, holding onto the chemical longer than we’d like. I’ve seen the same pattern play out with other persistent chemicals, and the damage can build up even at low levels.
What Happens in Nature?
Evidence points to hormone disruption. P-Treoctylphenol can mimic natural hormones in animals. Fish show strange changes—reduced fertility, abnormal growth, and behavior shifts. European studies have linked similar compounds to declining fish populations where rivers run near factories. This trickles up the food chain. Birds, otters, and even humans picking up fish might absorb small traces. The World Health Organization has flagged such chemicals because their effects sneak up slowly, often missing easy treatment or detection.
Why Should People Care?
Risk isn’t just a lab debate. There’s a gut reaction when you learn that water you swim in or eat from could carry an unwanted substance. My own family, living near an old industrial site, grew cautious of fishing and swimming after learning about river contamination. Stories like this keep surfacing. Health comes first, but culture and livelihoods depend on clean rivers and lakes too—especially for communities relying on local waterways for food and earning a living.
Real economic losses follow polluted water. Removing these persistent chemicals costs cities millions. Clean-ups move slowly. Meanwhile, public trust shakes, and the natural world loses resilience. Ecosystems that lose key species recover poorly, and the chain snaps in ways we can’t predict.
What Can Make a Difference?
Industry needs to tap responsible chemistry and shift towards alternatives with lower risks. Testing waste water thoroughly—before release—helps catch risks early. Regulators must keep setting safer thresholds and require clear labeling. People often ask, “Can one person help?” Small voices matter. Local communities have gotten stronger water-testing rules only after raising alarms together. Choosing products and companies with better records on pollution does add up. Supporting stricter environmental policies at every level keeps pressure on those slow to change.
Solid science, clear data sharing, and open discussion give folks reason to trust. Public health depends on keeping these persistent chemicals out of our shared environment. Lessons from P-Treoctylphenol echo across many modern compounds. Taking proven risks seriously, fixing leaks in old rules, and listening to new science protect everyone—whether living upstream, downstream, or right beside that old industrial lot.
Why Smart Storage Matters for Ptop
P-Treoctylphenol, usually called Ptop in the lab and on the loading dock, gets used in a lot of places from plastics to resins and specialty chemicals. It looks pretty ordinary—sort of oily to the touch, but don’t let appearances fool you. Leaving it stacked next to the window in a hot warehouse can bring problems nobody wants. I’ve seen more than a few cases where folks underestimated what chemicals do when left in the wrong spot, especially over summer.
Temperature: Keep It Cool and Even
A key rule with Ptop: keep it away from heat. Anything above 30°C (86°F) once in a while won’t destroy it, but month after month of stuffy, hot warehouse air sets up the kind of slow chemical changes that turn a reliable product into a shelf full of question marks. For years, temperature swings have caught companies off-guard. In northern warehouses, old radiators kick on and nobody notices the shelf temp jumps 15 degrees in an afternoon. Ptop likes temperatures close to room temperature—think 15 to 25°C (59 to 77°F)—with as little fluctuation as possible.
Moisture: The Silent Trouble
Anyone who’s spent time dealing with leaks knows how fast a drip ruins supplies. Ptop’s no different. Humid air and water sneaking into drums or storage tanks can lead to slow but sure degradation. Seals on containers have to stay tight. Too many times, I’ve seen re-used containers with dings or bad gaskets let dampness creep in, even in well-organized storage rooms. Silica gel packs in the pallet wrap and keeping lids tight takes care of most issues, but once exposed, the risk of contamination jumps.
Avoiding Light: Not Just for Vampires
Direct sunlight isn’t a friend to most chemicals. A few weeks in the sun can trigger breakdowns or make the liquid cloudy, which in many industries means the whole batch ends up tossed. Keeping Ptop inside, away from windows or skylights, keeps things simple. A dim storage rack or a closed cabinet gives peace of mind.
Compatibility: Watching the Neighbors
Not every product should share space. Ptop reacts badly with strong oxidizers and acids. I remember a warehouse checker once storing acids a few shelves over, thinking “it’s all closed up tight, what’s the harm?” Months later, corroded containers told the real story. A proper storage chart or labels help sort out safe neighbors from troublemakers.
Documentation and Training: The Overlooked Solution
It’s not enough to buy the right shelving or temperature controls. Everyone in the supply chain—from quarterly inventory staff to part-time janitors—should understand what sits behind a hazardous chemical sticker. Regular training on storage policy, spill protocols, and inspection routines pays off over decades. A well-kept log or checklist for warehouse inspections keeps slip-ups rare.
Moving Forward: Getting it Right
Good storage of Ptop isn’t just box-ticking. Keeping products reliable, compliant, and safe lands on the shoulders of those who understand ground realities. Knowing how to spot rusty drums, reading a thermometer daily, or simply paying attention to warehouse roof leaks keeps small mistakes from snowballing into disasters. As new regulations pop up and supply chains stretch across continents, sticking with the basics—cool, dry, dark, compatible storage—remains the best line of defense.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol |
| Other names |
2,4,6-Tri-n-octylphenol
Tri-n-octylphenol PTOP |
| Pronunciation | /ˌpiːˌtriːˈɒk.sɪlˌfiː.nɒl/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol |
| Other names |
4-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl)phenol
Octylphenol p-tert-Octylphenol 4-tert-Octylphenol PTOP |
| Pronunciation | /ˈpiː triːˈɒk.sɪlˌfiː.nɒl/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 140-66-9 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1133349 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:34443 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL16294 |
| ChemSpider | 203781 |
| DrugBank | DB11372 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.157.393 |
| EC Number | 204-015-5 |
| Gmelin Reference | 1423306 |
| KEGG | C06427 |
| MeSH | D010042 |
| PubChem CID | 7061 |
| RTECS number | RG2840000 |
| UNII | JP08IXK75S |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| CAS Number | 140-66-9 |
| Beilstein Reference | 2040864 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:34460 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL554360 |
| ChemSpider | 21746947 |
| DrugBank | DB11234 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 05d5797b-04c1-49b4-b272-33ec5a779584 |
| EC Number | 204-812-7 |
| Gmelin Reference | 56934 |
| KEGG | C06682 |
| MeSH | D009859 |
| PubChem CID | 67388 |
| RTECS number | RN8400000 |
| UNII | 43U1F191SR |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C24H42O |
| Molar mass | 646.09 g/mol |
| Appearance | White flake |
| Odor | characteristic |
| Density | 0.912 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 6.2 |
| Vapor pressure | 1 mmHg (175°C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 10.2 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 12.10 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.5060 |
| Viscosity | 8-12 mPa·s (25°C) |
| Dipole moment | 4.07 D |
| Chemical formula | C24H42O |
| Molar mass | 646.09 g/mol |
| Appearance | Clear oily liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.912 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 6.2 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.00014 mmHg at 25°C |
| Acidity (pKa) | 10.2 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 6.75 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -7.7e-6 cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.511 |
| Viscosity | 8-12 mPa·s |
| Dipole moment | 1.57 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 527.8 J/(mol·K) |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | −392.1 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -46.98 kJ/g |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 428.33 J/(mol·K) |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -184.7 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -45.92 kJ/g |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | D08AX |
| ATC code | D08AX |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful if swallowed. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | GHS05,GHS07,GHS08,GHS09 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H400, H410 |
| Precautionary statements | P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P321, P330, P362+P364, P405, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | Health: 2, Flammability: 2, Instability: 0, Special: - |
| Flash point | > 136°C |
| Autoignition temperature | 324°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | Lethal dose or concentration (LD₅₀, oral, rat): 23,360 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Rat oral 3600 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | Not established |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible) of P-Treoctylphenol (Ptop) is 5 mg/m3 |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.005 ppm |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | IDLH: 140 mg/m3 |
| Main hazards | May cause cancer. Causes skin irritation. Causes serious eye irritation. Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | GHS05,GHS07,GHS08 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H318, H361, H410 |
| Precautionary statements | P280, P261, P305+P351+P338, P310 |
| Flash point | > 122 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 330°C |
| Explosive limits | Upper: 6.6% ; Lower: 1% |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral, rat: 12,000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): 3.12 g/kg (oral, rat) |
| NIOSH | Not established |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 5 mg/m3 |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Unknown |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
m-Cresol
o-Cresol p-Cresol Nonylphenol Butylated hydroxytoluene |
| Related compounds |
Phenol
Nonylphenol Bisphenol A Octylphenol ethoxylates Dodecylphenol |