Magnesium Chloride Spherical: A Full Look from Past to Future
Historical Development
People didn’t just stumble onto magnesium chloride by accident. Tracing back, it came from ancient seawater evaporation practices. Mediterranean salt workers used old-style pans to separate the white crystals from brine. Early chemists saw something valuable here when they realized those crystals did more than flavor food or pack wounds. Industry caught on during the industrial revolution, tapping into deposits and salt lakes for new chemical base materials. Magnesium chloride’s entry into industrial chemistry happened alongside the growth of high-temperature processes and needs for dust control, ice melting, and, more recently, as a building block for refractories and magnesium metal. Its shape—that clean, hard sphere—arrived with advances in granulation tech during the late 20th century when consistency of particle form meant everything for automated processing lines.
Product Overview
Magnesium chloride spherical takes what regular flakes accomplish and pushes the boundaries for certain industries. These beads are tough, less prone to dust, easier to pour, and they dissolve with a speed that keeps operations moving. Every pellet locks away moisture until it’s needed. The material feels slick and dense in your hand, showing off a purity that powder forms struggle to match. Salt lakes, deep brine wells, and even seawater provide the base, but the spherical form stands apart for those chasing cleaner handling and fewer processing headaches.
Physical & Chemical Properties
Magnesium chloride, with chemical formula MgCl2, shows off a clear, colorless appearance under ideal conditions. In real-world spheres, you see off-white or gray tones—tiny marks from other naturally occurring minerals. Each sphere packs a density just above 2 g/cm³. They flow like marbles in your palm thanks to the smooth surface. This salt grabs water fast: its hygroscopicity sometimes surprises warehouse teams during humid weather. Dissolving it in water yields a strongly exothermic reaction, turning cold pallets into mini heaters during spill cleanup. Chemically, it’s neutral—no big risk of spontaneous reactions with air or sunlight—yet it mixes like a champion with most polar solvents and brines.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
Labels don’t just mean paperwork for shipping clerks. They save lives in the wrong hands. Magnesium chloride pellets shipped across borders carry purity grades, batch numbers, and full compositional analyses. Top sellers today offer 98% and higher magnesium chloride content. Heavy metals—especially lead, arsenic, and cadmium—must fall well below food-grade and environmental release limits. Trace sodium or potassium chlorides sometimes sneak in but rarely crack the 1% mark. Moisture content calls for tough quality control, often weighing in between 1-5% to prevent premature caking or clumping. Safety data sheets provide straightforward instructions, hazard pictograms, and recognized international codes, giving users the cold facts for storage and emergency handling.
Preparation Method
Creating spherical magnesium chloride pushes mineral processing tech to its limits. At the core, manufacturers harvest concentrated brine, usually from natural or artificially pumped sources. Impurities get removed through settling, filtration, and sometimes by chemical precipitation. Evaporation—either solar-driven for low-cost operations or by vacuum for purer runs—concentrates the magnesium salts. The crucial step comes with spray granulation: atomized droplets cool and harden in hot air, forming perfectly round, dust-resistant beads. Engineers fine-tune nozzle size, airflow, and temperature to match the desired pellet diameter, avoiding cracked or hollow spheres. After screening and drying, the end product undergoes further physical and chemical testing before getting bagged for sale.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
This salt plays well with many chemicals in the lab and industry. Direct contact with strong bases like sodium hydroxide leads to quick precipitation of magnesium hydroxide, a go-to in water treatment and flame retardant applications. In high-temperature environments, like producing magnesium metal, the chloride splits under electrolysis, freeing up valuable pure magnesium for alloys, aerospace, and battery work. Manufacturers sometimes tweak the formula—adding trace stabilizers or anti-caking agents—to help the pellets behave during long-term storage or challenging climates. Even small changes in pellet surface chemistry shape its water absorption rate, a feature critical in concrete hardening and dust control.
Synonyms & Product Names
The world of chemical sales brims with different names for the same stuff. You’ll hear shop talk call it “mag chloride,” “bischofite pellets,” or “anhydrous magnesium chloride.” Older literature sometimes refers to “magnesium dichloride” or slips into trade names favored by large distributors. European suppliers use terms tied to their regions, while in North America, National Stock Numbers and bulk market designations identify the spherical granules for quick reference in procurement systems.
Safety & Operational Standards
Magnesium chloride doesn’t usually make headlines for dangerous side effects, but accidental contact with skin or eyes causes real discomfort. Inhalation of dust during handling irritates airways, though the spherical form helps slash this risk. Occupational guidelines from OSHA, NIOSH, or their equivalents worldwide set exposure limits—not that anyone should take them lightly. Companies running large storage yards post clear signage, plenty of clean water stations, and cover bulk piles to protect both workers and the environment. Regulatory agencies pay extra attention to storm runoff, since excess magnesium and chloride in aquatic settings spell trouble for freshwater ecosystems. Staff at major production sites wear gloves, goggles, and use automated material handling to cut down direct human contact.
Application Area
Magnesium chloride spheres pop up across more industries than many people realize. Highway departments spread tons of it every winter. Unlike traditional rock salt, these pellets start working at lower temps, sticking to asphalt and keeping ice from building up. In agriculture, farmers add it into animal feeds and mineral supplements. The construction trade adds magnesium chloride to concrete and lightweight building boards for quick setting and extra strength. Dust control on unpaved roads relies on this salt’s power to pull moisture from the air, binding fine soil that would otherwise blow miles downwind. Textile dyeing, wastewater treatment, pulp bleaching, and even tofu factories rely on it as a coagulant. For decades, it’s played a behind-the-scenes role in everything from paper to cheesemaking.
Research & Development
Magnesium chloride spherical isn’t stuck in the past—labs keep finding new ways to push its capabilities. Recently, researchers in green chemistry swapped more volatile or corrosive salts out in favor of magnesium chloride for catalysis and solvent systems. Studies in composite materials now incorporate these spheres to reduce flammability or boost insulation values in eco-friendly construction. Advances in crystal engineering gaze at the surface texture of spheres in hopes of optimizing their hydration profiles. Fields like regenerative medicine peek at magnesium salts for their gentle mineral-release in bone scaffolds. Universities and corporate partners regularly publish new findings, driving patent filings and entire startup spinoffs focused on higher-purity, custom-modified spheres for specialized tech.
Toxicity Research
Most people and animals process dietary magnesium without serious issues. Problems only kick in during severe overdoses, and the bulk of toxicity cases come from extremely high oral or intravenous exposure—levels far above workplace or household use. Still, regular blood tests for chronic exposure in sensitive settings (like water treatment plants) confirm the salt’s reputation as safer than most. Environmentally, the big concern remains chloride runoff, which stresses plant life and disrupts aquatic food webs if managed poorly. Few cases of allergic reactions surface, though concentrated exposures—especially to eyes or mucous membranes—should always prompt rinsing with plain water and medical follow-up where irritation lingers.
Future Prospects
Tomorrow’s markets rarely wait for yesterday’s solutions. Magnesium chloride spherical finds itself at the crossroads of global trends. As governments clamp down on more corrosive or environmentally risky deicers, demand for safer, less harmful alternatives goes up. Construction and tech manufacturers seek new filler materials that blend well, deliver strength, and still meet green certification standards. Clean energy researchers already look at magnesium as part of next-generation batteries and large-scale hydrogen storage. The coming years look busy for anyone in the research or industrial supply of magnesium chloride spheres, especially as population centers grow and old approaches to road safety and building don’t cut it any longer. Those with the right mix of purity, reliable sourcing, and a true focus on environmental responsibility stand to lead the next wave of innovation using this old standby turned modern workhorse.
Industrial and Road Safety Benefits
Magnesium chloride comes shaped as small, solid spheres for a good reason. Many cities lean on this compound during winter, mostly for keeping roads safer. Spreading it before or after snow hits helps melt ice and makes roads far less slick. Highways stay open, ambulances and fire trucks get where they need to go, and regular folks commute with fewer accidents. Municipal workers often mention that it performs better than rock salt when temperatures drop very low, and it doesn’t crumb roads or harm vehicles as much. Since these little balls spread evenly, they end up saving cost and reducing the environmental toll compared to outdated salts.
Agricultural and Horticultural Support
Farmers also use magnesium chloride in its spherical form to boost the soil. Crops thrive when magnesium levels are in check, since plants pull this mineral to help build chlorophyll—the green pigment powering photosynthesis. Fields sometimes need extra help after several rounds of harvests pull nutrients away. So, spreading spherical magnesium chloride helps restore balance, and, in turn, yields grow sturdier. Overuse or poor choices with fertilizers have left some soils used up. Here, a targeted sprinkle of magnesium chloride gives the fields a healthier future.
Dealing With Dust and Erosion
Out in rural areas and construction zones, dust stirs up headaches for workers and people living nearby. Magnesium chloride spheres trap moisture and hold dusty particles down. Spraying gravel roads or unpaved parking lots with a magnesium chloride solution keeps clouds of dirt from floating into the air. Fewer dusty days mean cleaner lungs and less grit on cars and windows. Even mining operations rely on dust suppressants for worker health and smooth operations. Some counties and construction outfits measure air quality improvements after regular applications.
Food Processing and Health Products
Though most people do not think much about minerals in their pantry, magnesium chloride pops up as a food additive. In tofu production, it helps soy milk curdle, forming blocks that slice and cook beautifully. The code E511 marks it on food labels. Sometimes, dietary supplements carry magnesium chloride, promising an extra boost for muscles, relaxation, and heart health. Absorption from this compound beats several other forms, especially for those struggling with magnesium deficiency. Doctors often recommend it, especially for folks on diets low in green vegetables and nuts.
Water Treatments and Environmental Protection
Water utilities and pool owners sometimes reach for magnesium chloride spheres when treating water. These small spheres pull impurities or scale-forming minerals out, making water safe for pipes and drinkable for people. This practice matters a lot in spots where hard water would quickly break down plumbing or leave odd tastes behind. Environmental agencies point out that magnesium chloride, when handled right, causes less harm to waterways than harsher chemical alternatives.
Solutions and Safer Practices
Magnesium chloride’s benefits depend on how thoughtfully it gets used. Using the right amounts limits harm to soil and streams. Training workers to spread or apply these spheres carefully also makes a difference. Research points us toward blends with less environmental impact and more resource savings. Learning from farmers, road crews, or water experts who have used magnesium chloride for years helps guide decisions for safer streets, better crops, and cleaner communities.
What Sets Magnesium Chloride Spherical Apart
In my years of working with both industrial and agricultural suppliers, I’ve seen a lot of fuss about format and purity. Magnesium chloride comes in flakes, powders, and spheres. Spherical form tends to get overlooked but anyone who’s mixed up dust clouds from cheaper, flaky materials can spot the difference at a glance. Spherical magnesium chloride feels less gritty. It pours cleaner. You waste less. The results show up in the way it handles moisture, so you’re not stuck with clumps or residue coating your equipment.
Better Handling and Storage
Stacking bags of flaky de-icer in the shed isn’t a big deal in dry weather. Once humidity creeps in, things change. Magnesium chloride spheres absorb moisture from the air less aggressively, since they present less exposed surface. This seems small, but it saves money. Less caking means less lost product. Bagged material stays usable for longer. For winter road crews and warehouse workers alike, this reduces time spent clearing jammed hoppers or tossing out half-solidified leftovers.
Consistent Application for Road Safety
Highway departments depend on magnesium chloride for road safety during snow and ice. Spherical grains offer more predictable spread rates than other shapes. In practice, that means safer roads, fewer reapplications, and better resource management. Every time the plow operator heads out, they know what’s going onto the pavement. This isn’t just a convenience; it directly supports budgeting and risk assessment for towns and cities. Less waste, fewer callbacks, more efficient use of taxpayer dollars.
Performance in Dust Control and Soil Stabilization
Rural roads and construction sites kick up dust. Magnesium chloride has long been used to keep it down. The spheres roll into the soil and dissolve at a steady pace. Scraping a grader down a gravel path right after a rainstorm, you really notice which treatments deliver lasting results. Spherical magnesium chloride binds fine particles better, keeping the road stable and walkways safer. In dry climates, this minimizes maintenance runs and protects nearby crops or waterways from sediment.
Safer and Smarter Choices for Agriculture
Many growers add magnesium for healthier plants and better yields. Spherical magnesium chloride dissolves more gradually than flakes or powder, making it less likely to cause salt burns on roots. You see the reward in healthier seedlings and improved soil structure. Farm managers on tight budgets often stick with what’s cheap, but over time, the spheres’ slower release means fields avoid the boom-and-bust cycles linked to faster-dissolving salts.
Fewer Health and Safety Issues for Workers
Fine dust from granular salts can bother the lungs, especially when unloading truckloads or filling spreaders. Spherical magnesium chloride generates less airborne material, so workers breathe easier. In jobs where people handle thousands of kilos each week, that makes a difference. Cleanliness counts, not just for speed but for comfort and safety. Gloves and masks still matter, but swapping to spheres goes a long way toward a more pleasant workday.
Looking Toward Cost and Sustainability
Cost swings matter in every sector. Even when magnesium chloride spheres run a bit higher per ton, the real tally comes at the end of the season: less spoilage, better spread coverage, reduced downtime. A well-chosen product—backed by a solid supplier with real-world credentials—brings savings in money, labor, and maintenance. That’s a straightforward improvement anyone can appreciate, whether you’re managing a budget for a public road agency or keeping a family business ahead of the curve.
Understanding What Spherical Magnesium Chloride Means
Watching people toss around the words “spherical magnesium chloride” creates some confusion. Most folks know plain magnesium chloride, the stuff in supplements or in bath flakes. Spherical just points to the granule shape—a manufacturing tweak to help it flow better or dissolve a bit faster, especially in industrial foods. At its core, magnesium chloride in any form supplies the same key mineral.
Magnesium Chloride and Human Health
Doctors and dietitians talk about magnesium for good reason. Modern diets often miss the mark, and magnesium keeps nerves, muscles, and bones working. Magnesium chloride gets lots of attention because it dissolves easily in water. The body absorbs it quickly, so it’s used for supplements, oral rehydration salts, and even pharmaceutical products. People with low magnesium—the old, those with gut issues, or athletes who sweat buckets—see the benefits fast.
Assessing Safety: Regulations and Science
No one should eat things without some guarantee of safety. Food-grade magnesium chloride meets purity standards set by agencies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), and international bodies such as Codex Alimentarius. These groups keep a close eye on heavy metals or impurities, and manufacturers follow strict quality checks. I checked the databases and didn’t spot warnings or recalls tied to legitimate, food-grade magnesium chloride, spherical or not. The spherical shape doesn’t add risks. Once it dissolves on your tongue or in your water glass, it’s like any other ingredient.
Are There Any Health Risks?
Nothing is risk-free, not even water, so that applies to magnesium chloride. Swallowing too much can trigger stomach aches or give the runs. People with kidney problems need to avoid extra magnesium; their bodies struggle to get rid of it. The rest of us, though, absorb and pee out what we don’t need. A typical safe daily dose for most adults sits somewhere around 350-400 mg of elemental magnesium, no matter the form taken. For food uses, the amount sprinkled in tofu or sports drinks tends to be far less than that. Accidental swallowing in huge doses—think pounds, not milligrams—is what doctors worry about, not regular dietary use.
What About Additives or Fillers?
Not all magnesium chloride blends come straight from the sea or a lab with nothing extra. Sometimes anti-caking agents end up in the mix, but food safety rules require clear labels. Pick brands with proper certificates or test data if there’s any doubt. Most folks don’t fuss over the shape of salt in their kitchen, so spherical doesn’t change how your gut sees it.
Practical Solutions and Takeaways
For athletes or people on restricted diets, talking with a health professional before loading up on magnesium supplements makes sense. Always double-check labels for “food grade” or certificates of analysis. Trusting big-name suppliers or ones with strong reputations keeps things safer, as cheap options online might skirt rules. For the average person, eating leafy greens, nuts, and beans works for topping up magnesium naturally. Magnesium chloride, in any granule shape, stays safe as long as it meets food standards and is used in sensible amounts.
References- U.S. Food & Drug Administration—Generally Recognized as Safe Database
- European Food Safety Authority—Magnesium chloride opinion (EFSA Journal, 2009)
- National Institutes of Health—Magnesium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals
Why Proper Storage Matters
Anyone who’s worked around large quantities of chemicals knows that small mistakes can bring big headaches. Magnesium chloride spherical isn’t an exception. Whether you’re handling it for dust control, deicing, or as an ingredient in industrial applications, sloppy storage invites moisture, clumping, and trouble down the line.
Magnesium chloride has a big appetite for water. Left exposed, it draws moisture right out of the air and quickly turns chunky or even syrupy. This doesn’t just make it tough to handle. It can gum up machinery and affect performance in process applications. Nobody wants to see wasted product or stoppages because of basic storage missteps.
The Best Kind of Container
I’ve seen plenty of outfits try to cut corners by dumping magnesium chloride spheres in basic bins or open sheds. It doesn’t take long before they’re dealing with a mess. Airtight containers work best. Most folks use heavy-duty plastic drums, moisture-resistant totes, or sealed bags. The key is a barrier that cuts off air and humidity. Metal bins work too, but without a proper liner, magnesium chloride will chew through certain metals over time. Skip anything that lets in drafts or leaks water.
Small-scale users sometimes store the product in resealable plastic bags inside a cupboard. It sounds like common sense—and it really is—but I’ve lost product by trusting warehouse shelving or open sacks: humidity gets in, whether the building looks dry or not.
Watch the Temperature and Humidity
Think about where you keep the containers. Storage sheds or warehouses with big temperature swings invite condensation and clumping. A lot of industrial spaces have patchy insulation or leaky roofs—common places where I’ve seen bags ruined after a rainy week. Choose a cool, dry area, away from windows and doors that let in moist air. Elevated shelves help keep the product off cold floors, and moving containers away from direct walls cuts down on temperature changes.
Avoiding Contamination
Cross-contamination doesn’t just spoil your chemical. It can raise safety concerns or mess up whatever process you’re running. I always use dedicated scoops or gloves when handling magnesium chloride. Tools shared with fertilizers, salt, or even basic dust end up bringing in substances that can cause unexpected reactions. In the long run, this protects your equipment, your product’s consistency, and anybody handling it.
Even if you’re new to handling specialty chemicals, simple habits go a long way. Close up every container right after use; wipe off the rims; label any open bags with the date and source. These steps might feel fussy at first, but they save money and time later.
Emergency Spills and Leaks
Every worksite I’ve been on has had a spill at some point. Magnesium chloride cleans up fairly easily, but speed is key. Dry material sweeps up fast, and a good industrial vacuum finishes the job. For wet spills, stop the spread with absorbent pads or old towels. Discard everything according to local hazardous waste rules. Keep paperwork and MSDS sheets handy—regulators like to see a clear process, and it’s just smart to know what you’re working with.
Final Pointers from the Field
Whether you run a municipal operation or you’ve got a few tons in the back shed, smart storage makes a difference. Keep it sealed, keep it dry, and stay organized. Equipment and product last longer, nobody has to deal with sticky messes, and the quality stays steady right through the season.
Real-World Demand Sets High Standards
Magnesium chloride shows up across many industries—from dust control and road de-icing to pharmaceuticals, food processing, and even wellness products. Purity stands out as a key factor that affects performance and safety. Most manufacturers supply spherical magnesium chloride with a minimum purity level of 95%, and pharmaceutical or food-grade variants reach beyond 98%. This means that out of every hundred grams, only a few grams make room for impurities such as calcium, sodium, potassium, and trace metals.
Purity is more than a technical spec on a safety sheet. A road engineer tasked with winter road safety wants his salt to work fast and leave as little residue as possible, which requires a product with few contaminants. For lab researchers working on magnesium supplements, high-purity magnesium chloride means fewer concerns about side effects or interactions from trace elements that sneak into lower-quality batches.
Industry Standards and Quality Checks
Suppliers usually rely on certifications like ISO or GMP, together with government agencies such as the US Pharmacopeia (USP) or the European Pharmacopoeia (EP) to support their claims about purity and quality. These agencies require specific testing: gravimetric analysis, ion chromatography, and spectroscopy. They don’t just check magnesium content; they track levels of iron, heavy metals, and moisture too.
I once visited a plant in Germany that makes industrial and food-grade minerals. Quality inspectors spent more time on spectral analysis and batch tracking than they did on the actual production run. At each checkpoint, the product’s purity got verified several times. This attention to detail paid off when a contaminated shipment from a competitor caused massive recalls due to high lead content—proving that rigorous checks save both money and health.
Consequences of Low Purity
People sometimes assume that close is good enough, but there’s a cost to overlooking purity. Years ago, some supplements with undetected impurities ran into trouble with regulators after users reported adverse reactions. Even in agriculture, farmers saw middling results from fertilizer blends containing substandard magnesium chloride. Contaminants either reduced nutrient uptake by crops or caused unexpected soil reactions. In sectors like these, the ripple effects of poor purity travel far.
It’s not rare to see importers try to cut corners by mixing purer product with cheaper, lower-grade crystals. The initial savings look good on paper, but contamination—such as excess calcium or sodium—can have direct impacts, like damaged processing equipment or failed chemical reactions.
Improving and Safeguarding Purity
One route to better magnesium chloride is investment in purification methods. Producers use high-pressure filtering systems and repeated recrystallization. Some facilities re-route their process water through multi-stage treatment, which helps strip away other elements. Consistent staff training also matters. A process engineer who knows how to spot off-spec batches will stop a lot of trouble before it starts. Digital batch tracking and QR-coded traceability labels help too: if problems surface, suppliers and buyers track back to the source fast.
Once, I met a small company in the Midwest refreshingly open about its sourcing and testing. Their site posted third-party lab reports and even showed past minor deviations and how they got fixed. That sort of transparency earns real trust. Large or small, no organization can afford the expense that comes with a bad batch, damaged reputation, or regulatory fines. Striving for the highest possible purity is not about chasing some theoretical ideal—it’s about real-life safety, product efficiency, and public trust.

| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Magnesium dichloride |
| Other names |
Magnesium dichloride
Dichloromagnesium Chloromagnesite |
| Pronunciation | /mæɡˈniːziəm ˈklɔːraɪd ˈsfɛrɪkəl/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Magnesium dichloride |
| Other names |
Magnesium dichloride
E511 Spherical MgCl2 Bischofite Anhydrous magnesium chloride |
| Pronunciation | /mæɡˈniːziəm ˈklɔːraɪd ˈsfɛrɪkəl/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 7791-18-6 |
| Beilstein Reference | 3598726 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:6636 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1200434 |
| ChemSpider | 7681 |
| DrugBank | DB14526 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 07c7e9ed-c9e7-4481-aca9-996b6b6ed273 |
| EC Number | 232-094-6 |
| Gmelin Reference | 11023 |
| KEGG | C02105 |
| MeSH | D008271 |
| PubChem CID | 66241 |
| RTECS number | OM2975000 |
| UNII | YF23L9DW7G |
| UN number | UN1418 |
| CAS Number | 7791-18-6 |
| Beilstein Reference | 35610 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:6636 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1201192 |
| ChemSpider | 22014 |
| DrugBank | DB09474 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.763 |
| EC Number | 231-791-2 |
| Gmelin Reference | 1266 |
| KEGG | C07601 |
| MeSH | D008273 |
| PubChem CID | 5284359 |
| RTECS number | OM3850000 |
| UNII | IU1V5680D3 |
| UN number | UN1418 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | MgCl2 |
| Molar mass | 95.21 g/mol |
| Appearance | White spherical granules |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.8 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | 56.0 g/100 mL (20 °C) |
| log P | -4.11 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Basicity (pKb) | Basicity (pKb) = 3.5 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -1.0e-4 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.378 |
| Dipole moment | 0 D |
| Chemical formula | MgCl2 |
| Molar mass | 95.21 g/mol |
| Appearance | White spherical粒 |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 2.32 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | 52.9 g/100 mL (20 °C) |
| log P | -4.44 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | 6.0 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 7.08 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | 'Magnetic susceptibility (χ): -23.0e-6 cm³/mol' |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.378 |
| Dipole moment | 3.43 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 89.6 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -641.8 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | −641.8 kJ/mol |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 89.4 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -641.8 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | –801 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A12CC05 |
| ATC code | A12CC05 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, Warning, H319, P264, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P313 |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H319: Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P330, P501 |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 Oral - rat - 2,800 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral, rat: 2800 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | # 0094 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL: 10 mg/m3 |
| REL (Recommended) | 5 mg/m³ |
| Main hazards | Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P330, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-0-1-W |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 Oral Rat 2800 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): Oral rat LD50: 2800 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | # 0108 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit) for Magnesium Chloride Spherical: 10 mg/m3 (total dust), 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction) |
| REL (Recommended) | 10 mg/m³ |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not Listed |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate
Bischofite Magnesium sulfate Sodium chloride Calcium chloride |
| Related compounds |
Magnesium chloride hexahydrate
Magnesium sulfate Calcium chloride Potassium chloride Sodium chloride |