Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide (DTBP) Enox: A Down-to-Earth Commentary on a Chemical Powerhouse
History and Development
Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide has been around for over half a century and has seen countless shifts in industry practices. Researchers first noticed its explosive power in the mid-20th century. As oil refineries and chemical engineering boomed, the industrial world craved stronger, cleaner, and more manageable organic peroxides. Through trial and error, labs learned how to tame DTBP, making it a go-to for free radical reactions. Talking to chemists who worked in those early years, they describe unpredictable results before safety protocols became a real focus. Today's DTBP stands on the shoulders of those early experiments, tested under more rigorous standards, proven with decades of results on the factory floor and in university labs.
Product Overview
DTBP belongs to the family of organic peroxides. Its structure features two bulky tert-butyl groups attached to a central peroxide bond, which splits easily under heat or with the right catalyst. That property turns this compound into a reliable initiator for polymerization and a tool for controlled oxidation reactions. Sitting in a drum or a specialized container, DTBP doesn't look like much—a clear, colorless liquid. But inside, it packs a reactive punch that industries use to kickstart complex chemical changes that other substances can't handle. Due to strict handling needs, good manufacturers make sure labeling is crystal clear, shipping containers withstand jostling, and teams on site stay trained up.
Physical & Chemical Properties
Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide boils around 110°C, but don't let that number fool you; heat it above 60°C and things get unstable fast. It smells sharp—hard to miss if you're nearby. DTBP doesn't mix with water, keeps its cool in the dark, and prefers dry, low-oxygen storage. Its main claim to fame is the weak oxygen-oxygen single bond at its core, a source of free radicals and an unyielding driver for high-intensity reactions. DTBP's vapor is denser than air, which makes ventilation a frontline defense in any facility using this stuff. With a flash point at about 15°C, one spark or careless heat source spells trouble. I've seen teams double up on thermometers and triple-check their containers, just to keep peace of mind.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
The market offers DTBP at purity levels above 98%, clearly marked on every drum and bottle. Capacity, batch number, and expiry date follow, meeting local regulations and international shipping rules. Labels always include hazard signals, from the red-and-white oxidizer diamond to explicit warnings about heat, impact, and mixing with acids or reducing agents. In the labs I've walked through, only personnel with full briefings even touch a container. Electronic logging systems now track every handoff and every ounce to bolster accountability and traceability.
Preparation Method
Labs and factories make DTBP by reacting tert-butyl alcohol with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of an acid catalyst—sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid. Temperatures hover around 50-60°C to avoid premature decomposition. After the reaction, technicians neutralize acid and scrub away leftover water or impurities through careful distillation. Even small spills call for full hazmat gear—I've seen it firsthand. Preparation carries a risk, but plants with decades of experience balance speed with safeguards, using pressure monitors and emergency cut-offs.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
DTBP serves as a radical initiator in polymers and a strong oxidizer in selective organic reactions. It triggers polymerization in polyethylene and polypropylene, allowing the plastics industry to manufacture everything from coatings to plastic piping. In the lab, DTBP helps synthesize intermediates for pharmaceuticals and specialty chemicals. Scientists occasionally tweak DTBP with stabilizers or mix it with diluents to temper reactivity for specific jobs. These modifications aim to match safety standards and process requirements. Watching experienced chemists adjust concentration and keep one eye on the temperature gauge convinced me: this work demands skill, not blind adherence to procedures.
Synonyms & Product Names
DTBP appears under a hatful of names across catalogs and shipping lists: Enox Dtbp, Luperox DTBP, Perkadox 16, and Di-tert-butyl diperoxide. Each brand stands by its level of purity and specification details, but all refer to the same core molecule. These alternate names often signal differences in formulation or intended industry, so buyers lean on trusted suppliers and established relationships to avoid confusion.
Safety & Operational Standards
Working with DTBP comes with unyielding safety demands. You’ll never catch a seasoned crew ignoring the rules here. Storage areas include fire suppression, warning systems, and backup generators. Protective gear—goggles, gloves, flame-retardant suits—stands ready at all access points. Handling protocols call for controlled transfer, direct supervision, and immediate cleanup of spills. The chemical’s high reactivity with heat, friction, or incompatible materials keeps process engineers on their toes. Routine drills and real-world accident reports remind everyone why vigilance matters. In my visits to large production complexes, I’ve heard operators recall training sessions that simulated fires or leaks—those experiences stick, shaping culture much more than any manual ever could.
Application Area
Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide carries solid value for sectors that rely on synthetic polymers—plastics, rubber, and chemical manufacturing among them. Its strong radical-forming ability powers the large-scale production of crosslinked polyethylene, key for electrical insulation and plumbing. Tire manufacturers count on DTBP to generate durable rubber compounds that withstand punishing roads and weather. In pharmaceuticals, it triggers steps in creating active ingredients. Research labs reach for DTBP to unlock challenging oxidation reactions, helping create new candidate molecules or test reaction mechanisms. Once, I watched a postdoc coax a reaction along with minute doses of DTBP, marveling at the transformation with every infrared reading.
Research & Development
R&D groups keep their eyes peeled for safer, greener peroxides, but DTBP remains a standard for benchmarking performance. Teams experiment with additives that lower the temperature sensitivity or extend the shelf life of stored material. New process controls—think smarter sensors, real-time monitoring, and AI-driven hazard detection—offer another layer of security. Chemical engineers turn to DTBP for high-value polymer and rubber projects, and ongoing research explores more selective synthetic routes with less waste and better yields. I've spoken with research leaders frustrated by slow regulatory processes, but determined to keep pushing for incremental improvements, recognizing every incident avoided justifies the extra effort.
Toxicity Research
DTBP can irritate skin and eyes, and breathing vapors over long periods increases risk of central nervous system troubles. Animal studies uncovered effects at moderate doses, with acute exposure causing dizziness or nausea. Regulators in Europe, the US, and Asia set occupational exposure limits—typically below 1 ppm—after lengthy review of available studies. Disposal protocols require incineration at specialized sites; nobody takes shortcuts here. Environmental monitoring teams track air and wastewater near manufacturing plants for trace amounts, aiming to spot leaks before they reach people or wildlife. Safer handling and better detection technology improve outcomes, but the risk never shrinks to zero.
Future Prospects
Market demand for DTBP tracks the growth of plastics, rubber, and advanced material sectors around the world. Chemical manufacturers eye more automated production lines, hoping to keep costs low and risk lower. Some labs pursue modified peroxides with built-in stabilizers to make handling easier, or tailor reactivity for specific polymer systems. Sustainability drives innovation: process engineers want to reduce peroxide waste, capture fugitive emissions, and swap out hazardous input chemicals wherever possible. Regulatory bodies move slowly, but pressure from public health campaigns and greater transparency forces constant upgrades. Watching this landscape over the years, one lesson keeps repeating: progress sticks only when safety, reliability, and clear-headed risk management stay at the core of every advance involving DTBP.
The Backbone Behind Modern Plastics
Plastic products have become daily companions, from the dashboards in cars to the containers in kitchens. Few stop to consider the chemicals making all this possible. Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide, or Enox DTBP, plays a big part in this story. Its main job? Kickstarting chemical reactions that bring about strong, stable materials. Folks in the polymer industry use it as a polymerization initiator, which basically means it helps chains of molecules come together to make things like polyethylene and polypropylene—some of the most common plastics out there.
From Plastics to Foaming Agents
Enox DTBP also steps up as a cross-linking agent. During the making of rubber for car tires, rubber hoses, or shoe soles, cross-linking strengthens the final product. When the process gets underway, this peroxide breaks down under heat and pressure, forming radicals. These radicals help carbon bonds connect in ways that regular heat alone can’t. In other industries, Enox DTBP works at the heart of making foam — such as EVA foam used in sneakers or floor mats. Here, the peroxide helps bubbles form, giving the foam its bounce and lightness.
Energy Sector: Cleaner Fuel with Better Efficiency
The oil and gas world isn’t left behind. Refineries turn to Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide as an octane booster. Many refineries struggle to meet tighter emission rules while also squeezing more fuel out of every barrel of crude. By introducing this peroxide, chemical bonds in gasoline shift, and the overall octane rating goes up. Higher octane helps engines run smoother and pollute less. This is especially true in markets where clean fuel regulations grow stricter each year.
Safety Risks that Can't Be Ignored
Working with Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide means taking real safety precautions. Exposure to high heat or impact can set off violent reactions. Plants with a history of careless handling have paid a heavy price—fires, injuries, and legal troubles. Good training, proper storage, and constant monitoring never become optional. The chemical’s stability at normal temperatures gives a false sense of security, but history teaches respect for any material that can start a chain reaction with the wrong spark.
Environmental and Health Considerations
Factories hold the responsibility for avoiding air and water releases. The breakdown of this chemical can produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs), contributing to smog and, potentially, respiratory issues. Workers must use proper protective gear. Authorities should check regularly for leaks or improper disposal. Every chemical leaves a footprint; the aim rests in making it as light as possible.
Looking Ahead: Safer and Greener Alternatives?
Plastics and rubbers keep society moving. Still, the industry faces a push toward greener alternatives as the world grows more alarmed about pollution and toxic exposure. Research continues into more environmentally friendly peroxides and other initiators. Some labs now test bio-based or less hazardous chemicals, hoping to keep performance standards high and risks lower. As companies update their practices, demand grows for innovation that respects both productivity and the planet.
Chemical Formula and What It Means
Di-tert-butyl peroxide steps into the spotlight in the chemical industry because of its distinct formula. Its chemical formula reads as C8H18O2. Not every molecule manages to strike a balance between being useful and a bit risky, but DTBP fits the bill. The layout of its atoms influences everything—from how it gets shipped to how workers handle it in the lab or on the shop floor.
Understanding the Structure
The backbone of di-tert-butyl peroxide looks straightforward on paper but packs plenty of punch in practice. Two tert-butyl groups (that’s C(CH3)3) bookend a single oxygen-oxygen bond. In structural sketches, the molecule goes by (CH3)3COOC(CH3)3. Chemists recognize right away that this O-O bridge (a peroxide bond) doesn’t just sit idle; it wants to break apart, especially as the temperature climbs. I’ve worked around peroxides long enough to respect those two oxygens clinging together—they drive most of DTBP’s chemistry.
Why Structure Changes the Game
The carbon groups on either end give this compound stability at room temperature, but they don’t keep it inert forever. Peroxide bonds want to split, producing free radicals. This is less academic than it sounds. Free radicals speed up the breakdown of long-chain polymers or start up new chains. That’s why folks rely on DTBP for everything from crosslinking plastics to serving as a starter pistol in polymerization reactions. I’ve seen DTBP allow manufacturers to control how tough or flexible a plastic feels, which matters for products that shoppers use every day—car parts, insulation, footwear.
Industry Impact and Caution
This molecule packs power in a small package. It rarely makes headlines, but problems happen when its reactivity gets underestimated. Violent decomposition remains a risk during storage or transport without proper containment or temperature control. Years back, a warehouse incident showed how quickly things can go awry with organic peroxides. The structure, with that touchy O-O bond, means crews with experience handle DTBP in well-ventilated spaces, backed by fire suppression systems. Chemical plants devote training hours so that everyone knows what’s on the line: personal safety, environmental impacts, and keeping profits out of the red.
Solutions for Safer Handling
Several strategies trim down the risks. Modern storage drums use temperature sensors and venting systems to avoid pressure build-up. Workers use personal protective equipment and handle smaller quantities during lab work. Regulations exist for good reason. I’ve learned the importance of periodic safety drills and reviewing SDS sheets before each new batch. Designated storage away from incompatible materials (especially acids and flammable solvents) adds an extra layer of security.
Tracing the origins and the route of every drum or container inside a facility has become common practice. Technology makes this easier—digital tracking and regular audits help spot potential trouble before it turns into lost product or, worse, lives at risk.
Looking Forward
DTBP isn’t going away from the marketplace. Its efficiency gives it a key role in countless supply chains. Understanding its chemistry—not just the textbook formula but how it plays out on the ground—remains the best hedge against costly mistakes. Handling it with respect, using both expert knowledge and the right technology, protects workers and customers alike.
What Makes DTBP Tricky?
DTBP doesn’t behave like simple solvents or everyday cleaning liquids found in most labs. Its structure packs a lot of energy, which means it loves to produce heat and gas as it breaks down. Over the years of working with chemicals, you learn to respect the risks that come with organic peroxides. Stories of fires and violent decomposition underline what can go wrong. The U.S. National Fire Protection Association assigns a health rating of 2 and a fire rating of 4 (the highest) to DTBP—this isn’t something to shrug off.
Keeping DTBP in Check
Simple habits can make a major difference. Store DTBP in a cool spot away from sunlight, sparks, and flames. It reacts quickly if given the chance, so temperatures above 30°C should set off alarms. Most chemical providers deliver DTBP in brown bottles or metal cans. Racks set just above floor level, far from heat sources, discourage accidents. Don’t put containers next to oxidizers or acids, as mixing these spells disaster.
Watch That Ventilation
Anyone who ever stepped into a stuffy storeroom after a long weekend knows how quickly vapors spread. Even tiny leaks build up over time, making ventilation essential. Fans that move air out—never just recirculating it—go a long way in protecting both workers and stock. Fume hoods, especially those with spark-proof motors, offer another layer of safety. My experience shows that no one wants to track down an indoor vapor cloud, not to mention call emergency services.
Handling: More Than Just “Being Careful”
DTBP splashes burn skin and don’t wash away with simple soap. Anyone who opens or pours it should wear gloves—nitrile holds up better than latex. Safety goggles, not sunglasses or regular glasses, protect eyes from a swift, painful lesson. Cotton lab coats or disposable coveralls keep sparks and static away.
Many companies offer training, but habits matter more. Wipe down benchtops and tools after handling peroxides. Label everything—co-workers don’t need a guessing game with their health. Never pipette by mouth or pour back unused DTBP into storage containers; once exposed to air, the risk of contamination jumps.
Fire and Spill Readiness: No Room for Guesswork
I’ve seen labs stock fire extinguishers near exits, not near benches. That doesn’t work with DTBP. Class B extinguishers, which cut off oxygen, work best for these sorts of fires. If a spill happens, sand or inert absorbents slow spread, but you need to clear the area fast. Pull the fire alarm, ventilate if it’s safe, and call the professionals. Waiting or hoping a spill won’t go bad leads to real danger.
Why All This Caution Matters
Explosions and poisonings sound dramatic, but they happen in poorly managed spaces. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention track incidents every year—accidents with DTBP have closed businesses and sent workers to the hospital. Lowering risks keeps teams healthy, reputations clean, and supply chains moving. Let solid training, good habits, and smart layout do the heavy lifting, not emergency rooms and after-the-fact apologies.
Handling Chemicals with a Short Fuse
Anyone who has set foot in a lab or factory knows that some chemicals demand respect. Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide, or DTBP, doesn’t just whisper a warning—it practically shouts it. The molecule looks simple on paper, but experience teaches that its behavior can surprise even seasoned professionals. I’ve seen engineers carefully plan storage conditions, only to have shipments delayed over paperwork double-checks. DTBP likes rules and punishes shortcuts.
The Explosive Truth
DTBP falls into that category of peroxides known for their instability. A few degrees past its comfort zone, or a stray contaminant in the wrong drum, can turn a barrel into a blast hazard. Real-world incidents show what goes wrong when these basics get ignored. In the late 1990s, a distributor misread the temperature requirements, and upon opening the shipment, workers noticed swelling and a sour odor. Each drum essentially became a pressurized bomb.
The root problem lies in the peroxide bond—fragile and ready to snap apart, unleashing gases and energy. Factory floors need explosion-proof lighting, static control tools, and strict limits on how much DTBP sits together. A facility once tried storing drums in an unventilated shed. Over one hot weekend, the temperature surged, and several containers ruptured. Clean-up took days. Folks in the chemical industry share those stories as cautionary tales for a reason.
Fire Hazards and Beyond
Firefighters hate responding to peroxide fires. Water sprays can spread the burning liquid. DTBP burns fiercely, producing black smoke and acrid gases. Safety protocols call for remote handling tools and sand or foam extinguishers—not water hoses. If a warehouse worker lights a cigarette anywhere near open DTBP, odds are good that disaster follows. Personal protective gear and detailed training aren’t optional: I’ve seen new hires panic during a small spill, forgetting to don goggles before helping mop it up.
Toxic fumes create a double hazard during an accident. Inhalation inflames lungs and burns airways. Chronic exposure at low levels may not seem dramatic, but headaches and nausea soon dog anyone working nearby. Studies on workers exposed to organic peroxides report increased rates of skin irritation, coughs, and even nervous system trouble.
Transportation and Storage Pitfalls
Transporting DTBP needs diligence. Even a minor fender bender or an unexpected traffic jam makes a truck driver anxious, because the risk never fully subsides until that cargo reaches a specially designed storage area. Regulations force companies to use rugged, vented containers and to monitor the temperature at every stop. Poor route planning increases the risk; one distracted driver loses track of their cooling system, and catastrophe follows.
Cost pressures tempt companies to cut corners. Some believe a thick wall or a well-insulated shed suffices, but regulations exist for good reason. Real trouble starts when shortcuts creep into daily routines.
Real Solutions—Not Just for the Labs
Effective hazard control means comprehensive training and oversight. I urge firms to adopt incident drill routines, keep digital logs of storage temperatures, and invest in advanced leak detection systems. In my own work, I’ve seen that regular refresher sessions, not just onboarding lectures, keep people sharp. Transparent reporting systems let workers report near-misses without fear.
For downstream users and communities, public disclosure of DTBP use and stringent environmental safeguards matter. Local emergency response teams benefit from site visits, maps, and scenario planning. The best outcome comes when everyone—operators, managers, neighbors, and regulators—acknowledges the risks and shares responsibility. Trust is built by action, not paperwork.
DTBP brings undeniable benefits to plastics and chemical synthesis. The price of that usefulness is vigilance—day in and day out.
Polymer and Plastics Production
Factories producing plastics often depend on Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide Enox Dtbp. This chemical plays a strong role in kickstarting reactions in polyethylene and polypropylene manufacturing. Large-scale polyethylene bags, bottles, and pipe makers choose this compound because it breaks bonds in polymer chains, making resin molecules branch out. This quality helps processors get tougher and more flexible materials, which end up in everyday shopping bags, containers, and even car parts.
Personal experience in working with plastics shows that consistency matters for big runs at industrial scale. Without reliable initiators like Enox Dtbp, output drops, equipment jams, and melt flows slow down, leading to missed deadlines. Reliable chemicals help keep extruders running, and keep operators from pulling late-night shifts fixing line stoppages. Polymer plants have no interest in switching recipes that have stood the test of time, so they source the safest and purest grades of Enox Dtbp from certified suppliers. Safety audits, dust collection, and air monitoring all come into play, since peroxide compounds demand careful handling; a drum left in the sun too long won’t just cause paperwork headaches—it brings serious workplace hazards.
Rubber and Elastomer Curing
Shoe soles, tires, and rubber hoses show how important controlled curing can be. Factories put Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide Enox Dtbp into their curing ovens because it helps crosslink rubber molecules at steady temperatures. Cured rubbers last longer, stretch without tearing, and hold their shape under heavy wear. One look at the tyre industry’s quality requirements makes it plain: undercured rubber blows out early, and overcured mixes crack and crumble.
Rubber manufacturers value this compound since it activates at the right temperature for modern presses. Factories prefer it over the old sulfur cure because it delivers even results without leaving behind as much pungent odor or yellowing. Stronger, cleaner-smelling rubber products pass ride tests, win contracts with brands, and keep end customers safe. That’s a real-life difference I notice on the job, especially whenever clients complain about failed parts and demand returns.
Specialty Chemicals and Fine Synthesis
Lab chemists don’t always chase high volume—sometimes the goal is a tricky chemical transformation. Di-Tert-Butyl Peroxide Enox Dtbp acts as a radical source for specialty compounds found in coatings, adhesives, and pharmaceutical building blocks. This compound carries enough punch to spark selective reactions that other peroxides or initiators struggle with. I’ve seen chemists tweak doses of Enox Dtbp by barely a gram, fine-tuning it to unlock new pathways for target molecules.
Even at bench scale, risk stays high and protocols run tight. Teams keep safety showers primed, prepare emergency ice baths for runaway reactions, and double-check that containers stay capped in storage. These cautious habits don’t just follow the rulebook—they save lives and avoid lab disasters that can do more than ruin experiments.
Challenges and Safer Alternatives
Problems remain across production lines. Expired or contaminated Enox Dtbp brings unpredictable results; even small changes in purity skew polymer structure or cause off-spec rubber. On the environmental side, storage tanks leak, old drums corrode, and uncontrolled heat can trigger fires. Factories keeping old-fashioned safety routines invite trouble, and too many rely on the same suppliers instead of vetting new, greener options.
There are safer and more sustainable peroxides coming onto the market. Though cost sometimes stands in the way, insurance premiums and regulatory pressure continue nudging businesses toward better choices. Setting up new training programs, rotating chemical stock, and investing in smarter control systems go a long way in preventing accidents while keeping product quality high. From firsthand work, I know—small process improvements save companies both time and reputation.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 2-tert-butylperoxy-2-methylpropane |
| Other names |
DTBP
Di-tert-butyl peroxide ENOX DTBP Bis(tert-butyl) peroxide Peroxide, bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) Tert-butyl peroxide |
| Pronunciation | /daɪ-ˈtɜːrt-ˈbjuːtl pəˈrɒksaɪd ˈiː.nɒks ˌdiː-tiː-biː-piː/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 2-tert-butylperoxy-2-methylpropane |
| Other names |
DTBP
Di-tert-butyl peroxide Enox DTBP Tert-Butyl peroxide Peroxide, bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) Bis(tert-butyl)peroxide |
| Pronunciation | /daɪ-tɜrt-ˈbjuːtɪl pəˈrɒksaɪd ˈiː.nɒks ˈdiː-tiː-biː-piː/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 110-05-4 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `/JSmol/Di-Tert-Butyl_Peroxide_Enox_DTBP.sdf` |
| Beilstein Reference | 909478 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:63930 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1388925 |
| ChemSpider | 21176 |
| DrugBank | DB11266 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 100.008.320 |
| EC Number | 110-05-4 |
| Gmelin Reference | 85747 |
| KEGG | C18616 |
| MeSH | D002927 |
| PubChem CID | 66772 |
| RTECS number | YD3325000 |
| UNII | NZU63HUE8R |
| UN number | 3119 |
| CAS Number | 110-05-4 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1203732 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:35893 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1531117 |
| ChemSpider | 20827 |
| DrugBank | DB11512 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 03bb8034-8e98-487a-b073-f06cde0a4c10 |
| EC Number | 110-05-4 |
| Gmelin Reference | 163826 |
| KEGG | C06526 |
| MeSH | D005879 |
| PubChem CID | 6617 |
| RTECS number | YO7175000 |
| UNII | P9D8C55HNU |
| UN number | UN3119 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C8H18O2 |
| Molar mass | 146.23 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | pungent |
| Density | 0.794 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 3.63 |
| Vapor pressure | 0.63 kPa (20 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 18.0 |
| Basicity (pKb) | >18 (pKb) |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -27.5 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.393 |
| Viscosity | 15.7 mPa.s (20 °C) |
| Dipole moment | 2.92 D |
| Chemical formula | C8H18O2 |
| Molar mass | 146.23 g/mol |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | pungent |
| Density | 0.79 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 3.6 |
| Vapor pressure | 2.6 mmHg (20°C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 18.2 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -40.5·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.394 |
| Viscosity | 1.6 mPa.s (25 °C) |
| Dipole moment | 2.85 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 239.5 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -338.3 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -3386 kJ/mol |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 231.6 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -338.7 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -5230 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | D02AE07 |
| ATC code | D02AE07 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS05, GHS07, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | GHS02,GHS05 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H242, H302, H314, H332 |
| Precautionary statements | P210, P220, P221, P234, P280, P370+P378, P403+P235, P410, P422 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 3-4-2-W |
| Flash point | -18 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 410 °C (770 °F) |
| Explosive limits | 1.1% - 5.9% |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral rat 4000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | Rat oral LD50: 4000 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | EK3850000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 1.5 ppm |
| REL (Recommended) | 7 mg/m³ |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | 500 ppm |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS05, GHS07, GHS09 |
| Pictograms | GHS02,GHS05,GHS06 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H242, H302, H314, H332, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P210, P220, P234, P280, P370+P378, P403+P235, P411+P235, P420, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 3-4-2-OPox |
| Flash point | -6 °C |
| Autoignition temperature | 410 °C (770 °F) |
| Explosive limits | 1.1 - 7.0 % |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral rat 4000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | 2,066 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| NIOSH | EK8575000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL: 5 ppm |
| REL (Recommended) | 7 mg/m³ |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | 150 ppm |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
tert-Butyl hydroperoxide
Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate tert-Butanol Methyl tert-butyl ether Benzoyl peroxide |
| Related compounds |
Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide
Cumene Hydroperoxide Diisopropyl Peroxide Dicumyl Peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide |